4G [PART-4]

Dear readers. this is the post no.156;

Technical factors of 4G: There are some special factors in 4G network technology .Basically  In March 2008, the International Telecommunications Union-Radio communications sector  specified a set of requirements for 4G standards, named the International Mobile Telecommunications Advanced specification, setting peak speed requirements for 4G service at 100 megabits per second for high mobility communication such as from trains and cars and 1 gigabit per second for low mobility communication such as pedestrians and stationary users.  the first-release versions of Mobile WiMAX and LTE support much less than 1 Gbit/s peak bit rate, they are not fully IMT-Advanced compliant, but are often branded 4G by service providers. According to operators, a generation of network refers to the deployment of a new non-backward-compatible technology. On December 6, 2010, ITU-R recognized that these two technologies, as well as other beyond-3G technologies that do not fulfill the IMT-Advanced requirements, could nevertheless be considered "4G", provided they represent forerunners to IMT-Advanced compliant versions and "a substantial level of improvement in performance and capabilities with respect to the initial third generation systems now deployed. As opposed to earlier generations, a 4G system does not support traditional circuit-switched telephony service, but all-Internet Protocol based communication such as IP telephony. As seen below, the spread spectrum radio technology used in 3G systems, is abandoned in all 4G candidate systems and replaced by OFDMA carrier transmission and other frequency-domain equalization schemes, making it possible to transfer very high bit rates despite extensive multi-path radio propagation . The peak bit rate is further improved by smart antenna arrays for multiple-input multiple-output communications. 4G represents a significant evolution over existing 3G standards, most notably in the removal of IP address limitations, increased data transfer rates and smooth handovers of clients over heterogeneous networks, but fully compliant technology is still in development. In 4G networking system has all high technological supports. For using these advances technological supports 4G mobile network is 10 times faster than 3G mobile network.